노동조합과 연구개발투자

초록

This study deals with the relationship between labor union and R&D investment. At first, the existing theoretical discussion is investigated, and the main results of the previous empirical studies in some countries including Korea are summarized, then the effect of labor unions on the R&D investment activities are empirically analysed with the dataset of Korean Innovation Survey 2005 by STEPI. According to the propositions of 'scale effect' and 'hold-up problem', labor unions have an negative effect on the R&D investment in firms, but 'efficient contract theory' predicts that the negative effect of labor unions on R&D investment is not significant. And following the proposition of 'collective voice', the influence of labor unions is positive. In the empirical analysis, the influence of labor unions is measured by the existence of a labor union and the ratio of union members to the all employees. The R&D investment activities are measured by the R&D intensity which is the ratio of the R&D expenditure to the total sales and the R&D personnel ratio which is the number of full-time R&D personnel divided by the number of all employees. Following the result of the empirical analysis, the labor union has a negative effect on the R&D investment with control variables not included in the model, but if the control variables are included, then the effect of labor unions is not statistically significant. This results means that either the negative effects of labor unions counterbalance the positive effects, or the negative effect of labor unions does not occur with the help of efficient contract .

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