자원배분의 관점 하의 ODA가 수원국에 미치는 경제발전 효과

초록

This paper is designed to testify if Korea’s ODA contributed to the economic development of its recipient countries. In order to pursue the topic, a theoretic model is constructed, which ultimately proves if ODA can enhance the welfare of any recipient country. In the model, the direct effect of Korea’s ODA is distinguished frsom its indirect effect while taking a networking effect into consideration. The direct effect means that ODA itself can be used as inputs for expanding the economic size of recipient countries. In contrast, the indirect effect measures the ODA’s contributions to the infrastructure development of recipient countries. In the long-run, ODA, entangled with the recipient country’s internal resources, can create positive joint contribution to the economic welfare for recipient country group; this effect is named to be the networking effect. The model makes three important predictions. In general, the marginal contribution of a donor country’s ODA may not be greater than that of a recipient country’s. Thus, a negative view on the role of ODA can prevail. However, ODA is able to create a networking effect even within poorly resource endowed countries. Furthermore, from the perspective of total effects, the marginal networking effect of ODA becomes to outweigh the direct and indirect effects of ODA in the long run. Some empirical works prove these predictions. First, in terms of total effects, Korea’s ODAs are shown to have significant and positive effects on the welfare of recipient countries. Second, a larger total effect is found even within African countries compared to other areas, which coincides to the predictions of the model. Hence, in terms of total welfare contributions, Korea’s ODAs can be said to have contributed the economic growth of recipient groups.

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